Cytokine and chemokines levels in plasma of healthy controls, and in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and diabetes
| Mediator | Controls | Oligoarticular JIA | Polyarticular JIA | Systemic JIA | Diabetes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Remission | Active | Remission | Active | Remission | Active | |||
| IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; JIA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis; MIF, macrophage inhibitory factor; ND, not done; OPG, osteoprotergerin; OSM, oncostatin M; sRANKL, soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor-κ B ligand; TNF, tumour necrosis factor. | ||||||||
| *All values (mean (SD)) are expressed in pg/ml (except for those marked **which are expressed in ng/ml). | ||||||||
| †Significant difference between controls and patients; p<0.01. | ||||||||
| ‡Significant difference between disease activity of one specified subtype of JIA compared with all other patients with JIA; p<0.05. | ||||||||
| ¶Significant difference between disease activity of one specified subtype of JIA compared with all other patients with JIA; p<0.01. | ||||||||
| §Significant difference between disease activity of one specified subtype of JIA compared with all other patients with JIA; p<0.001. | ||||||||
| **Significant difference between controls and patients; p<0.001. | ||||||||
| ††Significant difference between controls and patients; p<0.05. | ||||||||
| IL1α | 0.1 (0.0) | 0.3 (0.3) | 15 (7.5) | 0.3 (0.2) | 22 (21) | 1.1 (0.9) | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.9 (1.6) |
| IL1β | 1.2 (0.6) | 9.9 (8.7) | 16 (6.3) | 2.5 (1.6) | 50 (38) | 0.7 (0.6) | 2.5 (1.3) | 2.3 (13) |
| IL2 | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.1 (0.1) | 3.8 (2.3) | 0.2 (0.2) | 4.2 (3.9) | 0.1 (0.1) | 0.2 (0.1) | 0.1(0.7) |
| IL4 | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.2 (0.1) | 4.6 (1.9) | 0.1 (0.1) | 18 (17) | 0.0 (0.0) | 1.1 (1.1) | 0.1 (0.1) |
| IL5 | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.3 (0.3) | 2.4 (1.0) | 1.0 (0.6) | 32 (31) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.1 (0.1) | 1.8 (2.0) |
| IL6 | 6 (7.6) | 116 (101) | 563 (405)*,† | 16 (7.0) | 378 (236)‡ | 7.2 (5.9) | 29 (13)† | 22 (38) |
| IL10 | 0.3 (0.3) | 1.1 (1.0) | 6.3 (2.2) | 0.7 (0.4) | 50 (48) | 0.5 (0.4) | 3.7 (2.4) | 1.2 (1.5) |
| IL12 | 7.5 (2.4) | 6.6 (4.1) | 19 (4.2)† | 15 (12) | 20 (9.1)† | 4.3 (3.1) | 49 (22)‡ | 16 (4.5) |
| IL13 | 1.9 (1.6) | 3.4 (3.1) | 17 (7.4) | 1.3 (1.0) | 48 (30) | 0.3 (0.2) | 3.6 (7.4) | 0.9 (2.1) |
| IL15 | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.5 (0.3) | 0.2 (0.2) | 2.2 (2.2) | 0.2 (0.1) | 0.5 (1.5) | 0.3 (0.6) |
| IL17 | 0.3 (0.2) | 0.0 (0.1) | 425 (241)§ | 0.0 (0.0) | 100 (94)* | 1.3 (1.0) | 0.0 (0.1) | 0.3 (4.7) |
| IL18 | 133 (29) | 153 (51) | 172 (24) | 205 (268) | 194 (60) | 770 (246)§ | 5622 (1348)§,¶ | 108 (71) |
| TNFα | 1.1 (0.6) | 4.0 (3.6) | 15 (6.3) | 4.1 (2.1) | 20 (17) | 0.4 (0.3) | 2.9 (8.2) | 1.6 (6.2) |
| IFNγ | 55 (104) | 102 (594) | 201 (100) | 89 (39) | 534 (242) | 54 (34) | 101 (286) | 70 (274) |
| OSM | 1.6 (0.4) | 1.9 (1.2) | 328 (231) | 4.4 (3.2) | 18 (12) | 1.8 (0.5) | 2.8 (0.9) | 0.1 (0.4) |
| MIF** | 2.3 (0.4) | 7.4 (2.3)†† | 6.6(1.1) | 7.6 (1.8)†† | 30 (10)§ | 6.2 (6.9)†† | 15 (3.4)†† | 3.7 (5.6) |
| CCL2 | 20 (10) | 38 (10) | 80 (18) | 34 (12) | 50 (17) | 24 (10) | 8.8 (1.9) | 69 (39)†† |
| CCL3 | 56 (15) | 85 (39) | 1416 (378)§,¶ | 440 (225) | 1099 (749)§,† | 126 (45) | 881 (358)§,† | 168 (31) |
| CCL5** | 63 (0.4) | 63 (7.5) | 142 (38) | 56 (12) | 85 (13) | 61 (9.2) | 74 (11) | 49 (14) |
| CCL11 | 10 (2.9) | 55 (26) | 80 (24) | 60 (24) | 44 (16) | 26 (13) | 6.3 (2.5) | 15 (14) |
| CCL17 | 44 (24) | 109 (47) | 107 (23) | 33 (8.8) | 65 (16) | 97 (31) | 44 (24) | 61 (46) |
| CCL18** | 40 (5.2) | 24 (5.0) | 49 (15.2) | 35 (6.6) | 47 (23) | 29 (8.5) | 42 (8.7) | 36 (11) |
| CCL22 | 389 (52) | 1378 (1009) | 1703 (385) | 483 (129) | 1430 (758) | 452 (112) | 1264 (911) | 233 (139) |
| CXCL8 | 0.2 (0.1) | 284 (263) | 287 (249) | 23 (15) | 71 (44) | 0.1 (0.5) | 2.4 (1.9) | 104 (36)* |
| CXCL9 | 8.4 (3.0) | 34 (29) | 127 (54)*,†† | 22 (11) | 102 (50)*,†† | 1.8 (0.9) | 41 (24)††,† | 6.3 (10) |
| CXCL10 | 98 (36) | 171 (65) | 828 (216)§,† | 289 (119) | 442 (130)*,¶ | 70 (29) | 137 (45)††,† | 242 (105)†† |
| OPG** | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.8 (0.5) | 5.9 (2.6) | 0.4 (0.2) | 2.4 (1.6) | 1.7 (0.5)†† | 2.8 (2.2) | 2.4 (1.5) |
| sRANKL | 0.9 (0.4) | 0.3 (0.1) | 3.2 (2.8) | 1.5 (0.9) | 30 (28) | 3.9 (3.4) | 1.2 (0.7) | 0.8 (1.3) |
| sCD54** | 159 (5.9) | 145 (10) | 158 (24) | 185 (134) | 173 (24) | 161 (14) | 228 (44) | 131 (27) |
| sCD106** | 566 (31) | 776 (177) | 739 (63) | 733 (63) | 984 (299) | 656 (58) | 723 (104) | 542 (91) |