| Risk factor | Risk of death (95% CI) | Level of evidence | Reference |
| Dialysis dependence at diagnosis | HR 8.2 (2.03 to 33.11) p = 0.003 | 3 | Koldingsnes and Nossent 20029 |
| VDI ⩾1 at diagnosis | HR 5.54 (1.28 to 24.05) p = 0.022 | 3 | Koldingsnes and Nossent 20029 |
| Impaired renal function at diagnosis | HR 5.10 (1.59–10.16) | 3 | Reinhold-Keller et al 200021 |
| A serum albumin level of ⩽30 g/litre at diagnosis | RR 4.5 (1.3 to 16) | 3 | Aasarod et al 20003 |
| Renal involvement at diagnosis* | HR 4.45 (1.48 to 13.65) | 3 | Reinhold-Keller et al 200021 |
| Lung involvement at diagnosis† | HR 3.74 (1.26 to 11.13) | 3 | Reinhold-Keller et al 200021 |
| Age >52 | HR 3.4 (1.03 to 11.21), p = 0.04 | 3 | Bligny et al 20045 |
| Age (rise of 10 years) | HR 2.18 (1.38 to 3.42), p<0.001 | 3 | Koldingsnes and Nossent 20029 |
| Upper respiratory tract involvement at diagnosis‡ | HR 0.31 (0.11 to 0.84), p = 0.02 | 3 | Bligny et al 20045 |
*Affected only univariate analysis, not multivariate analysis.5 †Did not affect survival.5 ‡Affected only univariate analysis, not multivariate analysis.9
HR, hazard ratio; RR, relative risk; VDI, Vasculitis Damage Index.