Clinical characteristics during follow-up of patients who developed LIP
| Parameter | csDMARDs | TNFi | TCZ | ABA | RTX |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 11 | 13 | 11 | 1 | 1 |
| Age at LIP, years, mean (SD) | 66.8 (4.8) | 67.3 (8.3) | 69.2 (7.6) | [73] | [61] |
| Female | 7 (63.6) | 7 (53.8) | 9 (81.8) | [1 (100)] | [1 (100)] |
| Rheumatoid factor positive | 11 (100) | 12 (92.3) | 6 (54.5) | [1 (100)] | [1 (100)] |
| No. of previous bDMARDs, mean (SD) | 0.7 (1.3) | 1.8 (0.8) | 3.3 (1.6) | [4] | [4] |
| Cumulative NSAID treatment*, mean (SD) | 0.4 (0.4) | 0.4 (0.3) | 0.3 (0.4) | [1] | [0.5] |
| Disease duration at LIP, years, mean (SD) | 13.2 (9.1) | 13.0 (7.5) | 15.7 (8.4) | [13] | [12] |
| DAS28 prior to LIP | |||||
| ≤6 months, mean (SD) | 3.8 (0.7) | 4.0 (1.7) | 3.5 (2.1) | [5.0] | [5.4] |
| ≤12 months, mean (SD) | 3.8 (0.7) | 4.0 (1.6) | 3.7 (2.0) | [5.0] | [5.5] |
| CRP (mg/L) prior to LIP | |||||
| ≤6 months, mean (SD) | 8.1 (7.9) | 25.8 (33.4) | 11.5 (17.6) | [0.7] | [3.8] |
| ≤12 months, mean (SD) | 10.6 (8.5) | 28.3 (33.0) | 16.0 (21.5) | [0.7] | [4.2] |
| ESR (mm/hour) prior to LIP | |||||
| ≤6 months, mean (SD) | 19.4 (11.6) | 36.0 (27.6) | 14.8 (15.8) | [12.0] | [12.0] |
| ≤12 months, mean (SD) | 18.8 (11.3) | 36.0 (27.1) | 16.3 (13.9) | [12.0] | [13.7] |
| Glucocorticoids prior to LIP | |||||
| Average over 6 months, mean (SD) | 5.6 (3.8) | 9.7 (9.3) | 7.5 (7.5) | [5.0] | [10.0] |
| Average over 12 months, mean (SD) | 5.6 (3.4) | 9.6 (9.0) | 8.1 (7.3) | [5.0] | [10.0] |
*Cumulative treatment with NSAID (range: 0 to 1) was calculated for each patient as: no. of follow-ups with concomitant NSAID use divided by the total no. of follow-ups.
ABA, abatacept; bDMARDs, biologic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; CRP, C reactive protein; csDMARDs, conventional synthetic disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; DAS28, disease activity score based on 28 joints; ESR, erythrocyte sedimentation rate; LIP, lower intestinal perforation; NSAID, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug; RTX, rituximab; TCZ, tocilizumab; TNFi, tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitor.