Association of baseline SUA level and baseline MRI brain markers of cerebrovascular disease
| Model 1* | Model 2† | Model 3‡ | Model 4§ | |||||||
| Extensive WMHV | SUA (μmol/L) | % (N) | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p |
| <75th percentile | 22.8 (260) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||||
| ≥75th percentile | 31.3 (120) | 1.53 (1.18; 1.98) | 0.001 | 1.29 (0.97; 1.71) | 0.08 | 1.27 (0.95; 1.69) | 0.10 | 1.23 (0.92;v1.64) | 0.16 | |
| Q1 | 21.7 (83) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||||
| Q2 | 21.4 (82) | 0.98 (0.69; 1.38) | 0.89 | 0.95 (0.67; 1.36) | 0.79 | 0.96 (0.67; 1.37) | 0.80 | 0.96 (0.67; 1.37) | 0.81 | |
| Q3 | 25.4 (95) | 1.23 (0.88; 1.72) | 0.23 | 1.11 (0.78; 1.58) | 0.56 | 1.09 (0.77; 1.56) | 0.63 | 1.09 (0.87; 1.81) | 0.63 | |
| Q4 | 31.3 (120) | 1.63 (1.17; 2.26) | 0.004 | 1.32 (0.92; 1.91) | 0.14 | 1.29 (0.90; 1.87) | 0.17 | 1.25 (0.87; 1.81) | 0.23 | |
| p for linear trend | 0.0008 | 0.07 | 0.10 | 0.15 | ||||||
| Brain infarcts | SUA (μmol/L) | % (N) | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p |
| <75th percentile | 9.1 (108) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||||
| ≥75th percentile | 11.6 (47) | 1.22 (0.85; 1.77) | 0.28 | 0.94 (0.62; 1.42) | 0.77 | 0.92 (0.60; 1.39) | 0.68 | 0.90 (0.59; 1.36) | 0.61 | |
| Q1 | 7.4 (29) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||||
| Q2 | 8.5 (34) | 1.17 (0.69; 1.97) | 0.56 | 1.09 (0.63; 1.87) | 0.76 | 1.11 (0.65; 1.91) | 0.71 | 1.12 (0.65; 1.93) | 0.69 | |
| Q3 | 11.5 (45) | 1.65 (1.20; 2.71) | 0.049 | 1.47 (0.87; 2.47) | 0.15 | 1.50 (0.89; 2.52) | 0.13 | 1.51 (0.89; 2.56) | 0.12 | |
| Q4 | 11.6 (47) | 1.55 (0.94; 2.53) | 0.08 | 1.14 (0.66; 1.98) | 0.64 | 1.13 (0.65; 1.96) | 0.67 | 1.12 (0.64; 1.95) | 0.70 | |
| p for linear trend | 0.05 | 0.58 | 0.63 | 0.68 | ||||||
| Lacunes | SUA (μmol/L) | % (N) | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p | OR (95% CI) | p |
| <75th percentile | 7.0 (81) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||||
| ≥75th percentile | 9.4 (37) | 1.30 (0.86; 1.97) | 0.22 | 0.99 (0.63; 1.57) | 0.98 | 0.96 (0.60; 1.53) | 0.86 | 0.94 (0.59; 1.50) | 0.79 | |
| Q1 | 5.2 (20) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | 1.00 (ref.) | |||||
| Q2 | 6.2 (24) | 1.20 (0.65; 2.23) | 0.56 | 1.16 (0.61; 2.18) | 0.65 | 1.17 (0.62; 2.21) | 0.63 | 1.18 (0.62; 2.24) | 0.61 | |
| Q3 | 9.6 (37) | 1.99 (1.12; 3.52) | 0.018 | 1.80 (0.99; 3.25) | 0.05 | 1.79 (0.98; 3.24) | 0.06 | 1.80 (0.99; 3.29) | 0.05 | |
| Q4 | 9.4 (37) | 1.80 (1.01; 3.18) | 0.044 | 1.35 (0.72; 2.54) | 0.35 | 1.31 (0.69; 2.48) | 0.41 | 1.29 (0.68; 2.45) | 0.43 | |
| p for linear trend | 0.023 | 0.29 | 0.36 | 0.40 | ||||||
*Model 1: adjusted for age, gender.
†Model 2: model 1 + BMI, tobacco and alcohol consumption, cholesterol (LDL and HDL), triglycerides, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, history of cardiovascular disease, glomerular filtration rate.
‡Model 3: model 2 + NSAIDs, aspirin or diuretics.
§Model 4: model 3 + CRP and IL-6 levels.
BMI, body mass index; CRP, C reactive protein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IL, interleukin; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; NSAIDs, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; SUA, serum uric acid; WMHV, white matter hyperintensity volume.
Q1: quartile 1 (lowest quartile); Q2: quartile 2; Q3: quartile 3; Q4: quartile 4 (highest quartile). Cutoffs gender-specific for SUA: 75th percentile=345 for men, 292 for women; Q1: <260 for men, <209 for women; Q2: 260–299 for men, 209–247 for women; Q3: 299–345 for men, 247–292 for women; Q4: ≥345 for men, ≥292 for women. Extensive WMHV is defined as the age-specific top quartile (≥75th percentile) of WMHV over white mask volume (thresholds are calculated in three-age strata: <70, (70–75) and ≥75 years). Logistic regression models were used to assess the probability of having brain infarcts, lacunes or extensive WMHV at baseline by baseline SUA level.